Suchergebnisse

• eBook-Kapitel aus dem Buch Accounting Fraud

  Case 34: Royal Ahold (The Netherlands, 2003)

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …Accounting Fraud in European Companies 199 Case 34: Royal Ahold (The Netherlands, 2003) By the late 1990s, Royal Ahold N.V. ranked among… …have operated continuously (and honourably) for 100 years. However, shortly after the turn of the century, a case of Enron-style accounting fraud… …Amsterdam. “So many things have happened in the United States, but this is the first really large-scale fraud case we’ve seen on this side of the ocean.”… …goals ultimately became unreachable. Accounting Fraud in European Companies 200 In 2002, Ahold faced trouble in Latin America: operating… …Michiel Meurs, each of whom had been implicated in the accounting fraud. Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s slashed Ahold’s credit rating, and the… …retailer announced that the fraud was much more extensive than previously thought. Ahold said that the American subsidiary’s earnings had been overstated… …certain foreign joint ventures through fraudulent side letters. Accounting Fraud in European Companies 201 The earnings fraud at U.S… …confirmation letters were often inflated by millions of dollars and by more than Accounting Fraud in European Companies 202 100%. In most of the cases… …confirmation process at USF was systematically corrupted in order to help keep the fraud from being discovered. The SEC complaint alleged that USF… …by the SEC with aiding and abetting the fraud. Scott Friestad, associate director of the Commission’s division of enforcement, commented: “These…

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  Case 35: Parmalat (Italy, 2003)

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …Accounting Fraud in European Companies 206 Case 35: Parmalat (Italy, 2003) Parmalat, one of Italy’s most significant commercial entities and… …and EBIT of about EUR 600 million, Parmalat had Accounting Fraud in European Companies 207 become a global rival to Nestlé, Danone and… …account linked to the Cayman Islands subsidiary known as “Bonlat”, which appeared to be at the heart of the fraud. The Bank of America revealed that a… …creditors all lost money heavily. The case Accounting Fraud in European Companies 208 sent shockwaves through Italy where Parmalat was a household… …revenues through fictitious sales. The core of the fraud was a system of double-billing to supermar- kets and other retail customers. By billing twice for… …divisions. For example, one amount of EUR 65 million found its way to AC Parma, the soccer Accounting Fraud in European Companies 209 team owned… …located in tax havens around the world, and it engaged in complicated bond and derivative deals. The fraud was certainly not of the blatant “take-the-… …had echoes of several other recent scandals (see Trueman 2004, p. 4): – The fraud appeared to have been incremental, growing in magnitude over a… …is one that had been adopted by a great many fraud companies in recent years. Allegations against the auditors Public commentary and debate… …verification carelessly through Parmalat’s internal Accounting Fraud in European Companies 210 mail system instead of following the standard audit…

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  Case 37: Siemens (Germany, 2006)

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …Accounting Fraud in European Companies 218 Case 37: Siemens (Germany, 2006) For over 160 years, Siemens has stood for technological… …and I really mean zero toler- ance,” CEO Klaus Kleinfeld said in a statement. Accounting Fraud in European Companies 219 The Munich… …public prosecutor initially believed that a small criminal gang within Siemens was behind the fraud scandal, with money being channelled from the com-… …. Accounting Fraud in European Companies 220 The scope of the investigations was unprecedented, authorities said. German and American investigators… …collected more than 100 million documents and conducted more than 1,700 fraud interviews in 34 countries; Debevoise & Plimpton racked up 1.5 million… …guidelines – at least on paper. According to court docu- Accounting Fraud in European Companies 221 ments, Siemens just created a “paper program”, a… …discussed how to better disguise its illegal payments, while making sure that the employees didn’t pocket the money. Accounting Fraud in European… …, saying it had always fulfilled all its reporting duties in connection Accounting Fraud in European Companies 223 with the auditing of Siemens’s… …his conduct; he said he had assumed “political responsi- Accounting Fraud in European Companies 224 bility” for the affair. Siemens had charged… …than the Siemens fraud, and struck at the heart of German integrity. According to Wharton professor Thomas Donaldson, the attitude that bribery is…

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  Case 38: Daewoo Group (South Korea, 1999)

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …226 2.3 Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies Case 38: Daewoo Group (South Korea, 1999) At the end of 1999, the Daewoo Group, one of… …the largest conglomerates in the world, collapsed in a spectacular fashion. The accounting fraud that was uncovered was described as one of the… …. The lending Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 227 banks maintained rather lax standards, focusing on revenues and sales volume, instead… …“rags-to-riches” founder of Daewoo Group ended in a big corporate fraud scandal. Although the government prosecutor’s office released only scant details, it… …accounting fraud in a variety of ways. However, a substan- tial degree of the fraud occurred through asset swaps among Daewoo subsidiaries. One subsidiary… …illegitimately propped up Daewoo’s failing companies. Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 228 Cover-ups of failed ventures When, e.g., Daewoo… …Motor attempted to cover up its failed USD 200 million investment in a car plant in Ukraine, the fraud bordered on the farcical. Daewoo Motor (the… …accounting fraud. Daewoo companies with questionable credit status would issue new stock that the overseas institutions would acquire, technically as equity… …for personal enrichment by Kim and senior Daewoo managers. Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 229 Daewoo was not an isolated incident; a… …number of Korean firms found themselves in the spotlight over accounting fraud and embezzlement at the time of the Asian financial turmoil. In Korea, a…

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  Case 39: Seibu Railway (Japan, 2004)

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 232 Case 39: Seibu Railway (Japan, 2004) Yoshiaki Tsutsumi, the former chairman of Seibu Railway, was… …president Terumasa Koyanagi to under-report the size of stakes held in Seibu Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 233 Railway by its largest… …. According to sources close to the company, Koya- nagi had been questioned by prosecutors almost every day since Seibu had made the fraud public. The… …affairs department in charge of stocks was found dead on a beach Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 234 in Yamagata Prefecture, after financial… …, several other high-profile scandals rocked the nation. Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 235 References: Japanese tycoon resigns in… …Koyanagi found hanged, www.japanaddicted.com, February 20, 2005 Japanese mogul arrested for fraud, www.news.bbc.co.uk, March 3, 2005 Japan arrests former… …world’s richest person over fraud, People’s Daily Online, March 3, 2005 Japan Arrests Rail Tycoon in Insider Trading Case, The New York Times, March 4… …, 2005 Koizumi supporter arrested on fraud charges, Times Online, March 4, 2005 Tsutsumi held over Seibu share scam, insider trade, The Japan Times…

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  Case 40: Kanebo (Japan, 2005)

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 236 Case 40: Kanebo (Japan, 2005) By the late 1990s, Kanebo Ltd. ranked among Japan’s largest public… …crisis” in the United States. Japan’s business press quickly referred to the Kanebo fraud as “Japan’s Enron”. In March 2006, Takashi Hoashi pleaded… …learned of this scheme from reading the published reports of the Enron fraud.) When the executives were no longer able to sustain the scam in 2005, they… …announced that an internal inquiry had found “instances of accounting fraud” in the past. Finally, they admitted overstating oper- ating results by… …charged in connection with the Kanebo fraud admitted helping the company to hide losses. They had pointed out irregularities, but no Accounting… …Fraud in Asian Companies 237 demand had been made to have Kanebo’s statements corrected, resulting in an audit approval. According to the… …company’s poor financial health (the three defendants never admitted as much, though). During trial, the auditors testified that shortly before the fraud… …prevent the fraud was a consequence of “serious deficiencies” in its internal controls. As a result of inspect- ing Chuo Aoyama, the firm-wide management… …. Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 238 As well as causing an exodus of audit clients, the punishment of Chuo Aoyama also helped to fuel extreme… …that it was also Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 239 “unprecedentedly cleverly devised”. Despite these remarks, he handed suspended…

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  Case 41: Livedoor (Japan, 2006)

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 240 Case 41: Livedoor (Japan, 2006) The Livedoor saga is probably one of the most eye-catching episodes… …accounting fraud; prosecutors depicted him as a greedy and lawless figure who had manipulated the books to inflate his company’s stock price. The trial was… …, who had used Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 241 “smoke and mirrors” to create riches that honest and hard-working businessmen could… …, Horie was accused of falsifying the company’s accounts. The alleged fraud centred on Livedoor’s group financial statements for the business year ending… …Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 242 hours for three months because of capacity problems. The TSE announced to put Livedoor on monitoring status, and… …. In March 2007, following a six-month trial which gripped Corporate Japan, Horie was found guilty of fraud and sentenced to two years and six months in… …statements, the Livedoor affair is “pretty small beer”, said another observer. The trial was political retaliation for Horie’s challeng- Accounting Fraud… …College Dropout Turned Internet Tycoon, The New York Times, January 18, 2006 Livedoor founder arrested for fraud as delisting beckons, The Independent… …, January 24, 2006 Livedoor fraud made 6 billion yen: sources, The Japan Times, February 24, 2006 A fall from grace, www.accaglobal.com/publications, June 1… …, 2006 An accountability gap is holding back Japan’s economy, Financial Times, March 14, 2007 Japan’s Horie faces verdict in Livedoor fraud case…

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  Case 42: Nikko Cordial (Japan, 2007)

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 244 Case 42: Nikko Cordial (Japan, 2007) In late 2006, the Nikko Cordial Corporation was Japan’s… …panel looking into the fraud later found out that Nikko Cordial principal president Hirofumi Hirano was the key figure in the scam, and that he also… …. I would like to offer my heartfelt apologies,” said president Junichi Ari- Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 245 mura, knowing that a show… …of just USD 4.2 million – a pittance by U.S. standards. And, although in monetary terms, the fraud was some eight times greater than, for… …example, the Livedoor fraud, no one at Nikko faced jail time. The coincidental timing of these two frauds led many observers to contrast the harsh… …Nikko in Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 246 April 2007. Critics believed that Citigroup, which had been keen to break into the Japanese… …New York Times, December 26, 2006 Panel: Nikko Cordial execs aided fraud, The Japan Times, January 31, 2007 Nikko Cordial revises… …over accounting fraud, The Japan Times, February 28, 2007 Nikko Cordial escapes delisting over scandal, Times Online, March 13, 2007 After Horie’s fall…

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  Case 43: Sanyo Electric (Japan, 2007)

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 247 Case 43: Sanyo Electric (Japan, 2007) Like other Japanese electronics makers, Osaka-based Sanyo… …temporarily after being implicated in financial statement fraud at Kanebo, the cosmetics firm. It had also been the auditor for Nikko Cordial, which had to… …restate past results to correct accounting irregularities as well. And now, Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 248 Sanyo was believed not to have… …manufacturing company like Sanyo, which had started by making bicycle lamps in 1947. “Think Gaia was a good strategy,” said a financial Accounting Fraud in… …going green will get them out of the red.” References: Sanyo’s Accounting Fraud, www.home.comcast.net, February 23, 2007 Sanyo Earnings Probe… …Sends Shares South, E-Commerce Times, February 23, 2007 Sanyo probed for securities fraud, www.news.webindia123.com, February 23, 2007 Sanyo Probed over…

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  Case 44: Satyam Computer Services (India, 2009)

  Prof. Dr. Klaus Henselmann, Dr. Stefan Hofmann

  …Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 250 Case 44: Satyam Computer Services (India, 2009) Before he fell from grace, Ramalinga Raju was hailed… …based). But in January 2009, Raju had to ad- mit to the largest corporate fraud in Indian history. In a letter to Satyam’s board of directors, he… …scan- dal was quickly labelled as “India’s Enron”. “This is the saddest say for investors,” said one market analyst. “The fraud has badly shaken their… …Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 251 stand by the company in the hour of crisis. “I am now prepared to subject myself to the laws of the land and… …face consequences thereof.” News of the fraud sent jitters through the Indian stock market. Shares in Satyam fell more than 70%, and the “Sensex”… …capital of Bombay expressed bafflement at how the fraud was not exposed earlier. Whereas Enron and other accounting frauds relied on dizzying arrays of… …off-balance-sheet partnerships and complicated circular trades with willing outside institutions to deceive investors, the Satyam fraud seemed to be absurdly simple… …earnings. Accounting Fraud in Asian Companies 252 However, there is usually little documentation associated with the number, so it is easy to… …letter to say that Sat- yam’s directors and senior executives had no knowledge of the fraud. But if there is a final lesson to be learned of accounting… …. In April 2009, a 77-page report filed by the Central Bureau of Investigation (India’s top investigation agency) detailed the scope of the Satyam fraud…

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